• Module 1: Per-Unit Representation (2 hours)
o Definition and examples
o Advantage of per-unit representation

• Module 2: Load Flow Analysis (8 hours)
o Network equation of power system
o Gauss-Seidel Method for Load Flow Analysis
o Newton-Raphson Load Flow Analysis
o Decoupled Load Flow Analysis
o Fast Decoupled Load Analysis

• Module 3: Short Circuit Analysis (8 hours)
o Short circuit analysis by network reduction technique
o Z-bus Building Algorithm
o Three-phase fault analysis of large networks using Z-bus
o Unbalanced fault analysis by symmetrical components

• Module 4: Power System Stability (10 hours)
o Swing Equation
o Small Signal Stability
o Transient Stability: Equal Area Criterion
o Dynamic Simulation of Multi-Machine Systems

• Module 5: Economic Dispatch of Generation (6 hours)
o Problem Formulation
o Introduction to Constrained Optimization
o Economic Dispatch without considering Loss
o Derivation of Loss Formula
o Economic Dispatch considering Losses

• Module 6: Automatic Generation and Voltage Control (6 hours)
o Modeling Speed Governing System
o Steady-State and Dynamic Response of Primary and Secondary ALFC Loop
o ALFC of Multi-Control-Area System
o Automatic Voltage Control
o Grid Management in India: Scheduling and Dispatch Procedure, Availability Based Tariff

This course aims to equip students with the fundamental concepts, mathematical formulations, and computational techniques required for power system analysis and operation. The key objectives are:

1. To introduce per-unit representation and its advantages in simplifying power system calculations.
2. To develop an understanding of load flow analysis using different numerical methods for solving network equations.
3. To enable students to perform short-circuit analysis using network reduction techniques, Z-bus methods, and symmetrical components for unbalanced faults.
4. To analyze power system stability under small-signal and transient disturbances using swing equations, equal area criteria, and dynamic simulations.
5. To formulate and solve economic dispatch problems considering system constraints, transmission losses, and optimization techniques.
6. To understand automatic generation control (AGC) and voltage control mechanisms for stable and efficient power system operation, including grid management practices in India.

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

CO1. Analyze power systems using per-unit representation and apply it to simplify calculations.
CO2. Apply load flow analysis techniques to determine bus voltages, power flows, and losses in a power system.
CO3. Evaluate short-circuit currents and voltages for balanced and unbalanced faults using network reduction and Z-bus methods.
CO4. Assess power system stability under small-signal and transient conditions using mathematical models and simulation techniques.
CO5. Optimize economic dispatch of generation considering system constraints and transmission losses.
CO6. Explain automatic generation control mechanisms.

Hadi Sadat, Power system Analysis, PSA Publishing

I.J. Nagrath and D. P. Kothari, Modern Power System Operation and Control, Tata McGraw-Hill Education

W. D. Stevenson, Elements of Power System Analysis, McGraw Hill

Olle I. Elgerd, Electric Energy Systems Theory: An Introduction, McGraw Hill Education