Module 1: Solar Energy: basics of solar radiation, solar constant, solar radiation geometry, solar time, estimation of monthly average daily global radiation, solar radiation measurement: pyranometer and pyrheliometer [7 hours]

Module 2: Solar collectors: concentrating and non-concentrating types solar collectors, collector efficiency, temperature range, concentration ratio, solar water heater, solar passive space heating, solar desalination system, solar cooker and solar greenhouse, electricity generation. Solar energy storage: sensible and latent storage system, thermochemical storage. Non-convective solar pond, extraction of thermal energy and application of solar ponds. [8 hours]

Module 3: Biomass resources, photosynthesis utilization of biomass, techniques for conversion of biomass into biofuels (energy from biomass). Wave energy: Fundamentals. Availability. Wave-energy conversion systems. Tidal energy: Fundamentals. Availability. Tidal-energy conversion systems. [8 hours]

Module 4: Wind energy: The nature of wind. Wind energy resources and modeling. [7 hours]

Module 5: Geothermal energy: Origin and types of geothermal energy and utilisation. OTEC: Ocean temperature differences. OTEC systems. [6 hours]

To introduce the various types of renewable energy resources which are important.

The working principle, availability, relative advantages and disadvantages, current limitations in harnessing the renewable energy sources will be introduced.

To understand the practical applications of various renewable energy sources.

1. Estimation of average solar radiation at a given place. Basics of various solar angles and instruments for measurement of solar radiation intensity
2. Applications of solar thermal based heat transfer devices and solar energy storage system
3. Able to understand technologies available for converting biomass into more useful secondary fuels. Harnessing energy from wave and tidal energy resources and current challenges in harnessing energy from these sources.
4. To make familiar with basics of wind energy, aspects of modeling and wind energy conversion systems.
5. To understand the harnessing of energy from geothermal and ocean thermal energy conversion devices and current limitations.

John A. Duffie, William A. Beckman, Nathan Blair, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind, Wiley , 5th Edition, 2020

B H Khan, Non-Conventional Energy Resources, McGraw Hill , 3rd Edition, 2021

J Twidell and T Weir, Renewable Energy Resources, Taylor and Francis , Indian Edition, 2020

Mehmet Kanoglu, Yunus A. Cengel, Johm M. Cimbala, Fundamentals and Applications of Renewable Energy, McGraw Hill , 3rd Edition, 2021