Module-I: Introduction to Optics, Laser, Photonics, Biophotonics, Fiber Optics. The Laser source, design, and development, types of lasers. Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Population inversion Pumping methods and levels of pumping Characteristics-Monochromaticity, Coherence, Directionality Polarization of Light and Laser emission.

Module-II: Laser Types- Solid state, Ruby, Nd:YAG, Gas lasers: Helium-Neon, Argon and Co2. Lasers in ophthalmology, Dermatology, Dentistry, Urology, Otolaryngology, Tissue welding, Laser in Biomedical Applications.

Module-III: Introduction to Photonics, Biophotonics, Principle and propagation of light in optical fibers, Numerical aperture and Acceptance angle, Active and passive fiber sensors- Endoscope.

Module-IV: Optical Properties of Tissues-Scattering, Absorption, Refractive Index, Light transport inside the tissue, Light interaction with tissues, Optothermal interaction.

Module-V: Interferometry, Types of Interferometry, Michelson Interferometry, Mach-Zehnder Interferometry, Optical Holography-Wave fronts, interference patterns, the principle of the hologram, optical hologram, applications.

To introduce fundamental principles of Optics, Lasers, and Fiber Optics commonly used in biomedical research.

To familiarize the basic Optoelectronic systems, techniques, and considerations for the development of biomedical devices.

To understand the role of Light and Lens in Bio-medical instrument development.

To get hands-on experience in various Opto-Biomedical Instrumentations for familiarity with the implementation and working principles of the instruments.

After completing the course, the students will be able to:
1. Have a thorough understanding of the fundamental concepts and techniques used in Optics, Lasers, and Fiber Optics.

2. The ability to understand, Optoelectronic systems, techniques, and considerations for the development of biomedical devices.

3. Ability to identify the role of Light and Lens in Bio-medical instruments.

4. To develop skills to realize, build, and troubleshoot Biomedical Instruments and get hands-on experience in various Opto-Biomedical Instrumentations for familiarity with the implementation and working principles of the instruments.

5. To understand the practical circumstance of Laser and Fiber Optics in Biomedical devices.

Markolf H.Niemz, Laser-Tissue Interaction Fundamentals and Applications, Springer

Leon Goldman, Lasers in Medicine, Springer-Verlag

Leon Goldman, The Biomedical laser Technology and Clinical Applications, Springer-Verlag

Paras N. Prasad, Introduction to Biophotonics, John Wiley and Sons