Course Details
Subject {L-T-P / C} : ER5411 : Tropical Meteorology { 3-0-0 / 3}
Subject Nature : Theory
Coordinator : Prof. Krishna Kishore Osuri
Syllabus
Solar Energy, Differential heating Moisture distribution in the Atmosphere, Global wind, pressure and precipitation distribution, The tropics major synoptic and surface features structure of the tropics contrast between the tropics and mid-latitudes
Tropical circulations: Temperature and Wind variability in tropics Zonally Averaged Tropical Circulation Meridional Circulation Theory of the Hadley Cell Zonally Asymmetric Features of the Tropics The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and associated concepts.
Monsoons: Definition Differential heating Asian monsoon Monsoon onset and withdrawal Active and Break Phases and associated concepts Somali Jet Seasonal variability of monsoon Jet streams and their characteristics Easterly waves Monsoon depressions Continental Tropical Convergence Zone (CTCZ) Tibetan low.
Tropical waves and tropical depressions: Brotropic instability Combined Barotropic-Baroclinic Instability Tropical cyclones – structure and mechanics life cycle of tropical cyclones energy and momentum budgets associated with tropical cyclones movement and intensity of tropical cyclones Role of Ocean in tropical cyclones Tropical cyclones in climate change scenario.
Thunderstorms: Necessary and sufficient conditions required for the formation of thunderstorms life cycle of thunderstorms movement and structure Dissipation of thunderstorms Types – Severe thunderstorms, squall lines, tornadoes, Dust storm (Andhi), Norwesters, Hail storm Thermodynamic indices – CAPE, CINE, Lifted index Severe Thunderstorm Observational Regional Modelling (STORM).
Concepts of tropical large-scale phenomena: Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) El Nin˜o and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO)
Course Objectives
- To educate the processes of weather and climate in tropics and extremes weather processes
Course Outcomes
Basic knowledge on Weather and Climate processes in the tropics
Essential Reading
- Riehl H, Tropical Meteorology, McGraw Hill , First Edition
- Ramage C. S, Monsoon Meteorology, Academic Press , Volume 15, 1971
Supplementary Reading
- Charles A. Doswell III, Severe Convective Storms, American Meteorological Society , 2001
- C. Donald Ahrens, Meteorology Today (An introduction to weather, climate and environment), West Publishing Company , Third Edition