Course Details
Subject {L-T-P / C} : ER5508 : Weather Analyses and Forecasting { 3-0-0 / 3}
Subject Nature : Theory
Coordinator : Prof. Krishna Kishore Osuri
Syllabus
Atmospheric Observations: Basic observational methods and observational standards Upper air observations Surface synoptic observations, Surface and upper air weather data transmission-Code for inland, coastal and ship stations Upper air data – PILOT and TEMP codes, Weather Radars, Satellites and Synoptic charts Analysis of surface and upper-air charts Station models,
Kinematics of the pressure field: Characteristic curves – General expressions for their velocity and acceleration – Movement of troughs, ridges and pressure centres, Intensification and Weakening, deepening and Filling of surface pressure systems.
Kinematics of the wind field: Relation between streamlines and trajectories Trajectories in moving cyclones and anticyclones Differential properties of the wind field Application of geostrophic, gradient, thermal winds, divergence and vertical velocity computation
Indian monsoons: Land and sea breezes Definition of monsoon Synoptic features associated with onset, withdrawal, active and break situations of southwest monsoon Rainfall distribution and rain bearing systems during summer monsoon season - monsoon depression, Mid-tropospheric cyclones and Onset vortex Northeast monsoon onset phenomenon and rainfall distribution.
Regional Circulation systems: Jet streams - Definition and characteristics, Tropical Easterly jet, Subtropical Westerly jet, Somali jet over India.
Global perspective of monsoons: ITCZ over Indian Ocean - Structure and movement, 30-50 day Oscillations Quasi-bi-weekly oscillation Inter-annual variability-Atmospheric-Ocean surface patterns of Southern Oscillation El-Nino, La Nina, ENSO, Indian Ocean dipole mode, Walker circulation, Hadley circulation.
Course Objectives
- Train students for reading synoptic observations, preparing analyses, and different techniques of forecasting weather and climate processes
Course Outcomes
Students are capable to analyze and understanding associated weather conditions
Essential Reading
- Riehl H, Tropical Meteorology, McGraw Hill , 1954
- Ramage C. S, Monsoon Meteorology, Academic Press , 1971
Supplementary Reading
- Critchfield H. J, General Climatology, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd , Fourth Edition, 2013
- Moran J. M, Climate studies-Introduction to climate science, American Meteorological Society , 2010