Module 1
Introduction & Overview of Atmosphere: A Brief Survey and Overview of the Earth's Atmosphere Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere Components of the Earth System, Weather, and Climate Roles of Various Components of the Earth System in Climate Structure and chemical composition of the Atmosphere Hydrological Cycle Carbon cycle. Oxygen in the Earth System A Brief History of Climate and the Earth System.

Module 2

Atmosphere Thermodynamics: The First Law of Thermodynamics Adiabatic processes: Concept of an Air Parcel, The Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate, Potential Temperature Water vapor in Air Static Stability The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy: The Carnot Cycle, Entropy, The Clausius–Clapeyron Equation Insolation and heat budget, radiation balance Thermodynamics of dry and moist air Lapse rate and stability Cloud formation and precipitation processes General circulation of the atmosphere.



Module 3
General weather systems of India: Indian Monsoon system Monsoon theories Global monsoons Spatial variability of Monsoon Semi-Permanent systems of monsoon Onset and Withdrawal of monsoon Inter tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) Continental tropical convergence zone (CTCZ), El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), ENSO theories Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Cyclone and Jet stream, Western disturbances and severe local convective systems, distribution of precipitation over India.
Module 4

Introduction to Oceanography: The Role of Observations in Oceanography Oceans and Seas Dimensions of the Oceans Sea-Floor features Atmospheric influences The Oceanic heat budget: Heat budget terms, Calculation of fluxes, meridional heat transport, variations in solar constant Temperature, Salinity, and density variations in the Ocean Seasonal variability of SST Ekman layer at the sea surface Ekman mass transport, Upwelling and downwelling General circulation of the ocean: Geostrophic currents, wind driven Ocean circulation, vorticity in the Ocean Deep Ocean circulations Ocean waves and tides.

Module 5
Climate Change and Pollution: Marine and atmospheric pollution Atmospheric modeling Air Pollution, Fog-haze formation, Aerosol-Cloud interaction Twomey effect Climatic and sea level changes on different time scales Ozone in the atmosphere, Ozone hole and Ozone layer depletion Greenhouse gases and global warming.

The course provides an introduction to the atmospheres on planet Earth and the different planets of our solar system.

It aims to present a diverse range of topics to illustrate all aspects of the atmosphere at a highly accessible level such as thermodynamics of the atmosphere, stability, tropical boundary layer etc.

The course will also deal with a description of some atmospheric and oceanic phenomena of common experience, such as thunderstorms, tropical cyclones, ocean currents and physical oceanography and air pollution.

CO1 Understand the atmospheres on planet earth and different planets of our solar system
CO2 Understand the cloud formation, precipitation processes and stability
CO3 Understanding the Ocean structure, processes and circulations
CO4 Understand the climate change, role of green house gases and dominant climate drivers in the tropical Indo-Pacific region
CO5 Assessing the sources and processes of atmosphere & marine pollution

C. Neil, The Atmosphere and Ocean: A Physical Introduction (Advancing Weather and Climate Science), Wiley

Trujillo A. P. and H. V. Thurman, Essentials of Oceanography, Prentice Hall

Hess S L, Introduction to Theoretical Meteorology, Krieger Publishing Company Malabar

E. Aguado and J. E. Burt, Understanding Weathering and Climate, Prentice Hall