Course Details

Subject {L-T-P / C} : MM3304 : Steel Making { 3-0-0 / 3}

Subject Nature : Theory

Coordinator : Prof. Anshuman Patra

Syllabus

Introduction: Principles of steel making reactions, Viz. Decarburisation, dephosphorisation, desulphurisation, silicon and managanese reaction. Slag Theories: Molecular and Ionic theories Interpretation of the above reactions in terms of ionic theory of slag. LD Process: Design of converter & lance, Quality of raw materials charged, Operation of the converter and control of bath and slag composition, Chemical reactions involved, Temperature and residual bath oxygen control, Use of oxygen sensor, Some characteristics of L.D. blow Viz. Emulsion formation, Slopping, Maneuvering lance height for dephosphorisation and decarbunisation. Catch Carbon technique, Recovery of waste heat, OBM/Q-BOP, Process, Concept and operation of the process, Mixed/Combined blowing Processes, Oxygen top blowing with inert gas purging at bottom, Oxygen top blowing with inert and oxidizing gases at bottom, Oxygen top and bottom blowing. Steel making scenario in India.Open Hearth Furnace: Its modification into Twin Hearth, Operational principle, Advantages. Electric Arc Furnace: Advantages Charging, Melting and refining practices for plain carbon and alloy steels, Use of DRI in arc furnace and its effect on performance, UHP electric arc furnace with D.C. supply, Single graphite electrode, Oxygen lancing, Oxyfuel burner, Water cooled panel and computer control. Duplex processes of stainless steel making using VOD, AOD & CLU. Induction Furnace: Advantages, principle of induction melting, Its use in steel industry. Deoxidation of liquid steel: Requirements of deoxidisers, deoxidation practice, Stoke’s law, Use of complex deoxidisers, Inclusions and their influence on quality of steel, Killed, Semi-killed and Rimming steel. Secondary refining of steel: Objectives, Principle of degassing, Different industrial processes such as DH, RH, VAD, SD. LF, and ESR, Limitations and specific applications. Continuous Casting of Steel: Advantages, types of machines, Mould lubrication and reciprocation, Developments in technology with respect to productivity, quality and energy conservation, Near-net-shape casting, Strip casting.

Course Objectives

Course Outcomes

1. Analyze the physicochemical principles involved in steelmaking. <br />2. Comprehension of different steelmaking processes and process and design related developments. <br />3. Process parameters controlling the refining of steel. <br />4. Understanding the recent developments in secondary refining of steels. <br />5. Comprehension of Continuous Casting of liquid steel. <br />6. Development of various steelmaking technologies.

Essential Reading

Supplementary Reading