Course Details
Subject {L-T-P / C} : ER6013 : Applied Atmospheric Dynamics { 3-0-0 / 3}
Subject Nature : Theory
Coordinator : Prof. Bhishma Tyagi
Syllabus
Module 1
Properties of fluids, Fundamental and Apparent forces, Momentum Equations in Cartesian, Spherical and Isobaric coordinate systems, Scale analysis of momentum equations, Geostrophic and Hydrostatic approximation, Continuity equation in isobaric coordinate system following the Eulerian and lagrangian approach, scale analysis of continuity equation.
Module 2
Natural Coordinate System, Momentum equations in natural coordinate system, Balanced motion- Geostropic Wind, Gradient wind, Inertial Flow, Cyclostrophic Flow Thermal Wind, Continuity equation in isobaric coordinate system, Thermodynamic energy equation, Scale analysis of thermodynamic energy equation.
Module 3
Circulation & Vorticity – Bjerknes circulation theorem, Application to Land & Sea breeze, Vorticity equation, Scale analysis of vorticity equation, Potential Vorticity – Application to Orographic flow, Stream function and velocity potential.
Module 4
Linear perturbation theory Sound waves, Gravity wavers –External and Internal gravity waves, Rossby waves, Kelvin waves, Geostropic adjustment process, Equatorial wave theory Atmospheric energetics equation, Available Potential energy (APE), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition (CINE), Expression for APE.
Course Objectives
- To introduces the fundamentals of atmospheric dynamics that govern weather and climate in the tropics and mid-latitudes.
- To understand the conservation and conversion of mass, momentum, energy principles in atmosphere and various force balances, and to explore various approximations/assumptions while progressing in understanding of atmospheric dynamics.
- Understanding the basic concepts in fluid dynamics, such as dynamical components of the equations of motion and Lagrangian vs. Eulerian motion.
- To understand the importance of friction, Earth’s rotation and atmospheric circulation in governing the flows.
Course Outcomes
CO1: Understanding the relative magnitudes of the forces and accelerations present in synoptic-scale mid-latitude weather patterns. <br />CO2: To learn the derivation and applications of conservation of mass, momentum, energy in the atmosphere with understanding the Eulerian and Lagrangian frameworks for solving the fundamental equations. <br />CO3: To have a detailed, integrated knowledge of the fundamentals of atmospheric dynamics that govern weather and climate in the mid-latitudes and tropics. <br />CO4: Learning the limitations, approximations, and assumptions for solving the equations in a real-world scenario. <br />CO5: To apply the knowledge of atmospheric dynamics for practical numerical solutions.
Essential Reading
- Holton J. R. and G. J. Hakim, An Introduction to Dynamical Meteorology, Academic Press (ELSEVIER) , 2004
- Lynch A. H. and and J. J. Cassano, Applied Atmospheric Dynamics, John Wiley and Sons Ltd , 2005
Supplementary Reading
- Haltiner G. J. and F.L.Martin, Dynamical and Physical Meteorology, McGraw-Hill Publications , 1957
- Hess S. L, Introduction to Theoretical Meteorology, Krieger Publishing Company Malabar, Florida , 1959