Objective and variables of heat treatments, Limitation of Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram, Formation of Austenite, TTT and CCT Diagram, Types of TTT Diagram. Application of TTT Diagrams (Martempering, Austempering and Patenting). Annealing (Full, Homogenising, Spheroidisation and Stress-relieving annealing), Normalising, Comparison of Annealing and Normalising, Hardening and Tempering of plain and alloy steels, Hardening (Objective, Austenitizing temperature and Internal stresses), Quenching Mediums and Methods, Retained austenite and Defects in hardening, Tempering of steels, Aims and stages of tempering, Effects of Carbon and alloying elements, Tempering of alloy steels and Multiple tempering, Embrittlement during tempering. Thermo-mechanical treatment of alloys. Hardenability and its determination, Factors affecting hardenability. Case and Surface hardening: Carburising, Nitriding and Carbonitriding, Induction and Laser Hardening. Heat treatments of general engineering steels: Spring, Bearing steels, Tool steels, HSLA steel and Maraging steels, Dual phase steels and Stainless steels, Heat Treatments of Al-alloys, Cu-alloys and Ti-alloys. Age-Hardening: Types and sequence of precipitates, Mechanism and kinetics of precipitation. Heat-treatment defects and their rectification

To understand the principles and practices of heat treatments.

To follow different annealing, normalizing and hardening processes.

To understand the principles of surface hardening processes.

Heat treatments of different types of steels.

1. The course integrates the implications of the right heat treatment to develop targeted properties and performances.
2. Different types of heat treatments are discussed to demonstrate their relevance to tailor properties.
3. Heat treatments and morphology are correlated with the chosen heat-treatment process.
4. Heat treatment defects management is also delivered.
5. Heat treatment can be an essential tool to optimize the properties of steel is well elucidated.
6. Selection of the right heat treatment to tailor the properties and performances is again presented.

B. Zakharov, Heat Treatment of Metals, CBS Publishers

C R Brooks, Principles of the Heat Treatment of Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Steels, ASM Internationa

3. G. Krauss,Steels, Processing, Structure and Performance, ASM International

K E Thelning, Steel and Its Heat Treatment, Butterworth