Syllabus

Module 1: Basic Introduction: Ironmaking, Primary steelmaking, and Secondary Steelmaking. Integrated steel plant overviews, Final products (4 Hours)

Module 2: Primary steelmaking: Basic Oxygen Furnace, Electric Arc Furnace, furnace design, lining, Raw Materials, Product details, etc. (3 Hours)

Module 3: Secondary Steelmaking: Objective, techniques like vacuum degassing processes. VOD, VAD, steam degassing, and RH & DH circulation degassing, Processes, and reaction details. (6 Hours)

Module 4: Mixing, mass transfer, kinetics, and reaction mechanism study in Steel melts in Ladles. Role of slag and powders in inclusion control, Thermodynamics, and reaction kinetics with preferable conditions for Deoxidation, Desulphurization, Dephosphorization, and Inclusion modification morphologies. (8 Hours)

Module 5: Concept of ultra-low carbon, ultra-low sulfur, ultra-low phosphorous, and inclusion-free steels. (2 Hours)

Module 6: Argon oxygen decarburization, Vacuum oxygen decarburization CLS processes. (4 Hours)

Module 7: Post-solidification treatments (VAR, ESR) for ultraclean steel production. Refractories used in secondary steelmaking furnaces with their properties and selection criteria. (3 Hours)

Module 8: Identification, Modification, Cleanliness Assessment of steel, Origin of non-metallic inclusions and its modification, Tundish Metallurgy for Clean Steel. (5 Hours)

To provide the student with a sufficient background for understanding the fundamentals of the Integrated Steel Industry flow chart with extensive explanation.

To provide conceptual knowledge to the students of different secondary steelmaking processes.

The goal is to transfer knowledge to the students regarding mass transfer, reaction kinetics, and the thermodynamics of deoxidation, desulphurization, and dephosphorization processes.

To provide a sufficient background of solution methods to be able to solve a variety of problems related to steel industries.

1. The students will acquire knowledge of different secondary steelmaking processes.
2. The students will be able to solve industry-related problems with the knowledge of thermodynamics and reaction kinetics.
3. The students will understand the role of different types of slags and powders for inclusion controls.
4. The students will be able to acquire the concept of ultra-low carbon, ultra-low sulfur, ultra-low phosphorous, and inclusion-free steel-making processes.
5. The students will understand the concept of clean steelmaking, the origin of non-metallic inclusion, and its modification techniques.

Ahindra Ghosh, Secondary Steelmaking-Principles & Applications, CRC Press , 2001

Yogeshwar Sahai, Toshihiko Emi, Tundish Technology for Clean Steel Production, World Scientific , 2008

Ahindra Ghosh, Principles of Secondary Processing and Casting of Liquid Steel, Oxford & IBH Publication

Dipak Mazumder, James W. Evans, Modeling of Steelmaking Processes, CRC Press , 2010