Syllabus

Module I: Thermodynamic aspects of refrigeration [7 hours]
Introduction, COP, Carnot refrigeration cycle, Air refrigeration cycle , Bell Coleman air refrigeration cycle, Refrigerants-Primary and secondary refrigerants, nomenclature, ecofriendly refrigerants, vapour compression system- Single stage system , analysis of theoretical vapour compression cycle, effect of pressure change on COP , Use of T-S & p-h charts , effect of subcooling of condensate on COP& capacity , effect of superheating of vapour compression, two fluid and three fluid refrigeration systems.

Module II: Components of Refrigeration System [7hours]
Compressors, Single stage compression and multistage compression systems, Evaporators, multi-evaporator system, Condensers, Expansion devices, cooling towers. Effects of condenser and evaporator pressure on COP-multi pressure system-low temperature refrigeration-Cascade systems- problems.

Module III: Modern Refrigeration Systems [7hours]
Steam jet refrigeration- Ejector refrigeration systems- Thermoelectric refrigeration-Air refrigeration – Magnetic – Vortex and Pulse tube refrigeration systems, Aircraft refrigeration.

Module IV: Psychrometry [7 hours]
Properties of air-vapour mixture, Law of water vapour-air mixture, Enthalpy of moisture, Adiabatic saturation, Psychrometric chart, Simple heating and cooling, Humidification, Dehumidification, Mixture of air streams.

Module V: Air conditioning [8 hours]
Requirements of comfort air conditioning: Oxygen supply, Heat removal, moisture removal, air motion, purity of air, Thermodynamics of human body, comfort and comfort chart, effective temperature, factors governing optimum effective temperature , Air Conditioning System: Process in air conditioning : Summer air conditioning, Winter air conditioning and year round air conditioning, Cooling load calculations.

To educate the students the basics of refrigeration, unit of refrigeration, different thermodynamic cycles followed and conventional and unconventional refrigeration systems.

To make the students to understand classification of primary refrigerants, secondary refrigerants, their designations and their different properties. To make the students to learn different refrigerants available for refrigeration and air conditioning applications.

To make the students to learn different refrigeration equipment such as evaporator, compressor, condenser and expansion devices. To make the students to solve problems related to different conventional and unconventional refrigeration systems.

To make the students to learn air water mixtures, empirical relations used to calculate desirable properties air water vapour mixture, different psychrometric properties and their use in air conditioning applications. Also to make the students to learn how to thermodynamically analyse refrigeration and air conditioning systems and evaluate performance parameters. The should also know heat load calculations for desigining air conditioning. Apply the principles of psychometrics to design the air conditioning loads for the industrial applications.

Illustrate the fundamental principles and applications of refrigeration and air
conditioning system.

Obtain cooling capacity and coefficient of performance by conducting test on
vapour compression refrigeration systems.

Present the properties, applications and environmental issues of different
refrigerants.

Calculate cooling load for air conditioning systems used for various.

Operate and analyze the refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

C P Arora, Refrigeration & air conditioning, Tata McGraw Hill , 2021

R. C. Arora, Refrigeration and Air conditioning, PHI Learning , 2022

Stoecker, W. F. Jones, J. W. Stoecker, Wilbert F., Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, McGraw-Hill Science , 2021

Roy J. Dossat, Principles of Refrigeration, Pearson Education , 2022