Syllabus

ADVANCED CONCEPT OF ENTROPY AND EXERGY [6 Hours]: Review of 1st Law, 2nd Law, Carnot principles, Thermodynamic temperature scale, Quality of energy, The increase of entropy principle, Entropy generation, & Entropy change; Boltzmann relation; Gibbs’ formulation; The third law of thermodynamics; The T-ds relations; Reversible steady-flow work, Minimizing the compressor work; Isentropic efficiencies of steady-flow devices; Entropy balance; Work potential of energy; Second-law efficiency using exergy; Exergy change, Exergy transfer; Decrease of exergy principle, exergy destruction; Exergy balance.

GASES AND GAS MIXTURES [6 Hours]: Ideal-gas, Calculation of property changes for ideal gases; Real gases and equations of state, Compressibility factor (measure of deviation from ideal-gas behaviour), Principle of corresponding states, Generalized compressibility chart, Van der Waals equation of state; Gas mixtures; Composition of a gas mixture (mass and mole fractions); P-v-T behaviour of gas mixtures; Dalton’s law of additive pressures; Amagat’s law of additive volumes; Ideal-gas mixtures; Real-gas mixtures; Kay’s rule; Properties of ideal and real gas mixtures.

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTY RELATIONS [6 Hours]: Partial Differential Relations; Maxwell relations; Helmholtz function; Gibbs function; Clapeyron equation; Clapeyron–Clausius equation; General relations for du, dh, ds, cv, and cp; Mayer relation; Joule-Thomson effect (also known as Kelvin–Joule effect or Joule-Kelvin effect), Joule-Thomson coefficient; Inversion line and inversion temperature; ?h, ?u, and ?s of real gases; Enthalpy departure factor; Entropy departure factor.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS [6 Hours]: Fuel and Combustion Process; Enthalpy of Formation; First-Law Analysis of Reacting Systems; Enthalpy and Internal Energy of Combustion; Heat of Reaction; Adiabatic Flame Temperature; The Third Law of Thermodynamics and Absolute Entropy; Second-Law Analysis of Reacting Systems; Fuel Cells.

CHEMICAL AND PHASE EQUILIBRIUM [6 Hours]: Criterion for chemical equilibrium; Equilibrium constant; Phase equilibrium; Phase equilibrium for a single-component system; The phase rule; Gibbs phase rule; Phase equilibrium for a multicomponent system; Henry’s law, Henry’s constant; Raoult’s law.

IRREVERSIBLE THERMODYNAMICS AND COUPLED TRANSPORT PROCESSES [6 Hours]: Phenomenological laws, e,g. Fourier’s law, Fick’s law, Ohm’s law. Entropy flow and entropy production. Thermodynamic forces and thermodynamic velocities. Coupled transport processes – matrix formulation. Onsager’s criterion and Onsager’s reciprocal relation. Thermoelectricity – Peltier, Seebeck and Thomson effects. Application of irreversible thermodynamics to thermocouple. Simultaneous heat and mass transfer –Soret and Dufour effects.

One objective is to develop an advanced foundation and understanding among the students regarding the principles of thermal science and engineering during energy interactions.

One of the crucial objectives will be to develop an understanding of the thermodynamics of ideal and real gases as well as gas mixtures and present a wealth of real-life engineering examples to give students a feel for how advanced thermodynamics is applied in engineering practices and research.

One objective is to develop progressive expertise in the thermodynamic property relations.

One objective is also to develop an intuitive understanding of advanced thermodynamics by emphasizing the thermodynamics of chemical reactions and chemical and phase equilibria.

One objective is to build creative thinking skills, a deeper understanding, and an intuitive feel regarding the irreversible thermodynamics and coupled transport processes.

The objective is to develop the necessary deep skills among the students to bridge the gap between knowledge and the confidence to properly apply knowledge/understanding in the broad application and research area of thermodynamics, covering from microscopic organisms to common household appliances, transportation vehicles, power generation systems, and even philosophy.

After completing this course, students will have an advanced foundation and deeper understanding of the principles of thermal science and engineering during energy interactions, which is essential for thermal engineers and researchers.

After completing this course, students will be able to capture and predict the thermal behaviours of ideal and real gases and gas mixtures, and can handle the systems with gases as well as gas mixtures.

After completing the course, students will have advanced knowledge and foundations on the thermodynamic property relations and be able to analyze/handle systems even with nonmeasurable properties.

After completing the course, students will have the capabilities to perform thermodynamic analysis during chemical reactions and during the occurrences of chemical and phase equilibria. These understandings are essential for experts and researchers in thermal engineering and science.

After completing this course, students will have the expertise in irreversible thermodynamics and be able to analyze the coupled transport processes.

J.P. Holman, Thermodynamics, McGraw Hill , (4th Edition Reprint)

Arthur Shavit & Chaim Gutfinger, Thermodynamics: From concept to applications, CRC Press , (2nd Edition Reprint)

Claus Borgnakke, Richard E. Sonntag, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, John Wiley & Sons. , (9th Edition Reprint)

Yunus A. Çengel, Michael A. Boles, Mehmet Kanoglu, Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, McGraw-Hill , (9th Edition Reprint)

Journal of Thermal Science

International Journal of Thermal Sciences