Syllabus

Module-I
Introduction: Safety Programs Accident and Loss Statistics the Nature of the Accident Process Inherent Safety techniques
Evaluation-Evaluating exposures to volatile toxicant by monitoring, Evaluation of worker exposures to toxic vapors, dust and noise Control- respirators and ventilation

Module-II
Source Models: Introduction to Source Models, Flow of Liquid and vapor through a Hole, Hole in a Tank and Pipes, Flashing Liquids.
Toxic Release and Dispersion Models: Parameters Affecting Dispersion and Neutrally Buoyant Dispersion Models (plume and puff models).
Module-III
Fires and Explosions: The Fire Triangle, Distinction between Fires and Explosions, Flammability Characteristics of Liquids and Vapors, Flammability Limits, Limiting Oxygen Concentration and Inerting, Flammability Diagram, Ignition Energy, Autoignition, Auto-Oxidation, Adiabatic Compression, Ignition Sources and explosions. Designs to Prevent Fires and Explosions: Inerting- types and their procedure, Static Electricity- fundamental, generation and controlling, Explosion-Proof Equipment and Instruments, Ventilation, Sprinkler Systems and Miscellaneous Designs for Preventing Fires and Explosions
Module-IV
Introduction to Reliefs: Relief Concepts, Definitions, Location of Reliefs, Relief Types, Relief Scenarios, Data for Sizing Reliefs, Relief Systems.
Relief Sizing: Conventional Spring-Operated Reliefs in Liquid Service, Conventional Spring-Operated Reliefs in Vapor or Gas Service, Rupture Disc Reliefs in Liquid Service, Rupture Disc Reliefs in Vapor or Gas Service, Two-Phase Flow during Runaway Reaction Relief-Simplified Nomograph Method, Deflagration Venting for Dust and Vapor Explosions, Venting for Fires External to Process Vessels and Reliefs for Thermal Expansion of Process Fluids
Module-V
Hazards Identification: Process Hazards Checklists, Hazards Surveys, Hazards and Operability Studies, Safety Reviews
Risk Assessment: Review of Probability Theory, Event Trees and Fault Trees, QRA and LOPA

Overview of industrial safety, toxicology and industrial hygiene practices at workplace.

Application of source models for material loss calculation and thereby prediction the concentration of toxic materials using dispersion models.

Importance of relief systems and their design for chemical process industries.

Hazard identification techniques and procedure for calculation of probabilistic risk assessment.

Upon completion of this course individual should be able to
CO1 find volatile toxicant, dust and noise level in industrial premises.
CO2 do material loss calculations, to predict the toxic release concentration using dispersion models.
CO3 use of fire triangle and designing inerting techniques and controlling electrostatic hazards.
CO4 developing methods for hazards identification.
CO5 determine risk in the chemical process.

Lees, F.P, Loss Prevention in Process Industries, Butterworths and Company , 1996

Derek, James, Fire Prevention Hand Book, Butterworths and Company, London , 1986

Gupta, R.S, Hand Book of Fire Technology, Orient Longman, Bombay , 1977

Dinko Tuhtar, Fire and explosion protection – A System Approach, Ellis Horwood Ltd , Publisher , 1989

Process Safety Progress

Process Safety and Environmental Protection